Which approach is considered ineffective for developing emergency plans?

The top-down approach with leader feedback is seen as ineffective for developing emergency plans because it often limits input from those who will be directly affected by or involved in the execution of these plans. This approach typically relies heavily on directives from leadership without meaningful engagement from team members, which can result in a lack of buy-in, reduced morale, and planning that doesn't reflect the realities and needs of various stakeholders. In contrast, approaches that include collaborative team discussions, consensus decision-making, and inclusive planning sessions actively involve a broader range of perspectives, fostering a more comprehensive understanding of potential challenges and ensuring that the plans are more applicable and effective in real-life scenarios.